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Property tax rates by state

Illinois has the highest effective property tax rate: in 2024, the typical homeowner’s tax bill equaled 1.92% of the typical home’s value. Hawaii has the lowest, at 0.27%. The national rate was 0.89%. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1-year, 2024.

The effective rate divides the median property tax bill by the median home value, so it compares how heavily homes are taxed across states with very different prices. No state is free of property tax: local governments levy it everywhere in the country, including in states with no state-level property tax. For dollar amounts, see median property taxes paid.

Data year: 2024Source released Sept. 11, 2025Last updated Oct. 23, 2026B25103 / GCT2510

50 ranked states; DC and Puerto Rico appear as reference rows where the source supplies them. Highest does not mean best. Ranks reflect point estimates; close values may not differ statistically.

Lowest state estimate 0.27% Hawaii
Highest state estimate 1.92% Illinois
Illinois: 1.92% New Jersey: 1.89% Connecticut: 1.66% New Hampshire: 1.46% New York: 1.45% Vermont: 1.42% Nebraska: 1.42% Texas: 1.31% Iowa: 1.29% Kansas: 1.25% Wisconsin: 1.25% Ohio: 1.22% Michigan: 1.18% Pennsylvania: 1.16% Rhode Island: 1.07% Alaska: 1.06% Minnesota: 1.02% South Dakota: 1.02% Massachusetts: 1.0% North Dakota: 0.96% Maryland: 0.95% Maine: 0.91% Missouri: 0.79% Washington: 0.79% Oregon: 0.78% Florida: 0.75% Oklahoma: 0.75% Georgia: 0.74% Indiana: 0.74% Kentucky: 0.71% Virginia: 0.71% California: 0.71% Montana: 0.69% Mississippi: 0.65% New Mexico: 0.63% North Carolina: 0.61% Wyoming: 0.57% Louisiana: 0.53% Arkansas: 0.52% West Virginia: 0.52% Colorado: 0.49% Utah: 0.49% Delaware: 0.47% Nevada: 0.47% Tennessee: 0.45% South Carolina: 0.45% Arizona: 0.43% Idaho: 0.43% Alabama: 0.38% Hawaii: 0.27%
Each dot is a state. The scale runs from the lowest to highest estimate; intervals are not shown here. Read about uncertainty.

The 10 states with the lowest property taxes

  1. Hawaii: 0.27%
  2. Alabama: 0.38%
  3. Idaho: 0.43%
  4. Arizona: 0.43%
  5. South Carolina: 0.45%
  6. Tennessee: 0.45%
  7. Nevada: 0.47%
  8. Delaware: 0.47%
  9. Utah: 0.49%
  10. Colorado: 0.49%

The 10 states with the highest property taxes

  1. Illinois: 1.92%
  2. New Jersey: 1.89%
  3. Connecticut: 1.66%
  4. New Hampshire: 1.46%
  5. New York: 1.45%
  6. Vermont: 1.42%
  7. Nebraska: 1.42%
  8. Texas: 1.31%
  9. Iowa: 1.29%
  10. Kansas: 1.25%

State distribution and comparisons

The middle of the 50-state distribution is 0.77%: the average of the 25th and 26th ordered state estimates. This treats each state equally, so it answers a different question from a population-weighted national estimate.

No other state is statistically tied with Illinois at 90% confidence. Every other state differs from the highest point estimate under this pairwise test. This is not a confidence interval for rank, and testing multiple pairs increases false-positive risk.

See the top ten estimates with their 90% margins of error0.26%1.94%IllinoisNew JerseyConnecticutNew HampshireNew YorkVermontNebraskaTexasIowaKansas

Shared axis spans the complete 50-state estimate ± MOE range. Intervals describe individual estimates; overlapping intervals alone are not our significance test.

Do the highest rates also mean the highest tax bills?

These states’ ranks change the most between effective property tax rate and median property taxes paid. These comparisons identify different questions worth investigating; a rank gap does not measure a causal effect or a statistical difference between unlike units.

StateEffective property tax rateMedian property taxes paid
California0.71% · #32$5,369 · #7
Hawaii0.27% · #50$2,385 · #32
Iowa1.29% · #9$2,937 · #25

Inspect these states, definitions and pairwise differences.

Values over time

Annual ACS 1-year estimates, 2021–2024. Each year is a separate published survey release; 2020 is excluded because the Census Bureau did not release standard 1-year estimates for that year. Ranks are recalculated among the same 50 states for each year.

The state-by-state view

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Ranked among 50 states; District of Columbia and Puerto Rico shown for reference. Rank 1 = highest value.

Effective property tax rate · 2024 · Percent
RankState / jurisdictionValue90% margin of errorDifference from previous rank
1Illinois1.92%± 0.02%Highest estimate
2New Jersey1.89%± 0.02%Different at 90%
3Connecticut1.66%± 0.02%Different at 90%
4New Hampshire1.46%± 0.03%Different at 90%
5New York1.45%± 0.02%Not distinguishable at 90%
6Vermont1.42%± 0.05%Not distinguishable at 90%
7Nebraska1.42%± 0.03%Not distinguishable at 90%
8Texas1.31%± 0.02%Different at 90%
9Iowa1.29%± 0.02%Not distinguishable at 90%
10Kansas1.25%± 0.02%Different at 90%
11Wisconsin1.25%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
12Ohio1.22%± 0.01%Different at 90%
13Michigan1.18%± 0.01%Different at 90%
14Pennsylvania1.16%± 0.01%Different at 90%
15Rhode Island1.07%± 0.02%Different at 90%
16Alaska1.06%± 0.04%Not distinguishable at 90%
17Minnesota1.02%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
18South Dakota1.02%± 0.03%Not distinguishable at 90%
19Massachusetts1.0%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
20North Dakota0.96%± 0.03%Different at 90%
21Maryland0.95%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
22Maine0.91%± 0.02%Different at 90%
23Missouri0.79%± 0.01%Different at 90%
24Washington0.79%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
25Oregon0.78%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
26Florida0.75%± 0.01%Different at 90%
27Oklahoma0.75%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
28Georgia0.74%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
29Indiana0.74%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
30Kentucky0.71%± 0.01%Different at 90%
31Virginia0.71%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
32California0.71%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
33Montana0.69%± 0.02%Not distinguishable at 90%
34Mississippi0.65%± 0.02%Different at 90%
35New Mexico0.63%± 0.02%Not distinguishable at 90%
36North Carolina0.61%± 0.01%Different at 90%
37Wyoming0.57%± 0.02%Different at 90%
38Louisiana0.53%± 0.02%Different at 90%
39Arkansas0.52%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
40West Virginia0.52%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
41Colorado0.49%± 0.01%Different at 90%
42Utah0.49%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
43Delaware0.47%± 0.01%Different at 90%
44Nevada0.47%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
45Tennessee0.45%± 0.01%Different at 90%
46South Carolina0.45%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
47Arizona0.43%± 0.0%Different at 90%
48Idaho0.43%± 0.01%Not distinguishable at 90%
49Alabama0.38%± 0.01%Different at 90%
50Hawaii0.27%± 0.01%Different at 90%
Ref.District of ColumbiaNot ranked among states0.63%± 0.04%Reference jurisdiction
Ref.Puerto RicoNot ranked among states0.44%± 0.03%Reference jurisdiction

50 states plus 2 reference rows.

Common questions

Which states have no property tax?

None. Every state has property taxes, levied mainly by counties, cities and school districts. Hawaii has the lowest effective rate, at 0.27% of home value in 2024.

Which state has the highest property taxes?

Illinois has the highest effective rate, at 1.92%. Ranked by the dollar amount owners pay, the order changes: see median property taxes paid.

Is this the property tax rate I will pay?

Not exactly. A bill depends on the local rate, how the home is assessed and any exemptions the owner qualifies for, such as a homestead exemption. The effective rate is a state-level comparison, not a quote for a particular home.

What this ranking measures

Median real estate taxes paid divided by median home value, for owner-occupied homes. A rate of 1% means the typical annual tax bill is about 1% of the typical home’s value.

A ratio of two state medians, not the median of each home’s own rate and not a legal tax rate. Rates, assessment rules and exemptions vary between and within states.

The size of the gap

The difference between the highest and lowest state estimates is 1.65 percentage points. The U.S. benchmark is 0.89%. It is not a simple average of the states.

22 states have point estimates above the U.S. benchmark and 28 below it. These counts do not establish statistical significance.

How much should you read into a rank?

Each rate has an approximate 90% margin of error, calculated from the published margins of its two Census inputs with the Census Bureau’s ratio formula. For two different states, we flag a difference only when its absolute size exceeds the square root of the sum of their squared margins of error. The comparison tool applies this check to every selected pair.

Non-significance is not proof of equality. These pairwise tests are not adjusted for multiple comparisons and do not form ranking confidence intervals. Statistical method and limitations.

Ranks use the full precision of the source file, so only truly equal values share a rank (1, 2, 2, 4).

Keep exploring

Read the ranking methodology.

Explore the same states in a side-by-side comparison, or combine this measure with others in the custom ranking tool.

Source and method

Producer
U.S. Census Bureau
Product / file
ACS 1-year · B25103 / GCT2510
Period
2024
Unit
Percent
Calculation
100 × median real estate taxes paid (B25103_001) / median home value (GCT2510). Approximate 90% MOE = 100 × √(tax MOE² + (tax / value)² × value MOE²) / value, the Census Bureau’s approximation for a ratio of two estimates. Rank = 1 + number of eligible jurisdictions with a higher value.
Coverage
The 50 states are ranked. Washington, D.C., can be added with the toggle above the table; Puerto Rico is shown for reference only, where the source covers it.
Cadence
Annual. 2025 ACS 1-year estimates scheduled for October 29, 2026 (Census ACS updates page); adoption follows editorial review.
Independence
Rank the States is independent. The agencies that produce the source data do not endorse these rankings.

Download, cite, or embed

Download the default full table (CSV) or use the download above for the table’s current filter and order. Data dictionary and source metadata

Updates and corrections

Last updated Oct. 23, 2026. Earlier editions stay available on the data page, and every change is listed in the update log. If a number or definition looks wrong, report an error with the state, value, and source you checked.

Related rankings

State distributions: each mark is one state, from lowest to highest. Each row uses its own scale.

01

Median property taxes paid

2024 · Census ACS

$9,358 New Jersey · highest estimate 02

Cheapest states to buy a house (home values)

2024 · Census ACS

$875,900 Hawaii · highest estimate 03

Monthly owner costs with a mortgage

2024 · Census ACS

$3,001 California · highest estimate

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