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Median family income by state

Massachusetts has the highest estimate ($131,831); Mississippi has the lowest ($76,879). Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1-year, 2024.

Data year: 2024Source released Sept. 11, 2025Last updated Oct. 23, 2026GCT1902

50 ranked states; DC and Puerto Rico appear as reference rows where the source supplies them. Highest does not mean best. Ranks reflect point estimates; close values may not differ statistically.

Lowest state estimate $76,879 Mississippi
Highest state estimate $131,831 Massachusetts
Massachusetts: $131,831 Maryland: $130,035 New Jersey: $127,593 New Hampshire: $124,960 Connecticut: $122,804 Colorado: $121,209 Washington: $120,265 Hawaii: $119,933 Virginia: $114,278 Alaska: $114,035 California: $113,969 Minnesota: $112,716 Utah: $111,919 Rhode Island: $108,082 Illinois: $106,800 New York: $106,073 Vermont: $105,766 Delaware: $105,622 Oregon: $104,569 North Dakota: $103,393 Pennsylvania: $100,557 Wisconsin: $100,319 Nebraska: $100,245 Maine: $99,546 Arizona: $98,284 South Dakota: $98,083 Montana: $97,801 Iowa: $96,797 Georgia: $96,419 Nevada: $96,389 Idaho: $96,310 Texas: $96,239 Kansas: $96,101 Wyoming: $94,951 Ohio: $93,734 Florida: $93,615 Michigan: $93,305 North Carolina: $92,847 Missouri: $92,101 South Carolina: $90,883 Indiana: $90,323 Tennessee: $90,018 Alabama: $84,851 New Mexico: $84,387 Kentucky: $82,757 Oklahoma: $82,640 Louisiana: $80,529 Arkansas: $79,037 West Virginia: $78,252 Mississippi: $76,879
Each dot is a state. The scale runs from the lowest to highest estimate; intervals are not shown here. Read about uncertainty.

State distribution and comparisons

The middle of the 50-state distribution is $98,184: the average of the 25th and 26th ordered state estimates. This treats each state equally, so it answers a different question from a population-weighted national estimate.

One other state is statistically tied with Massachusetts at 90% confidence: Maryland. This is not a confidence interval for rank, and testing multiple pairs increases false-positive risk.

See the top ten estimates with their 90% margins of error$74,890$133,407MassachusettsMarylandNew JerseyNew HampshireConnecticutColoradoWashingtonHawaiiVirginiaAlaska

Shared axis spans the complete 50-state estimate ± MOE range. Intervals describe individual estimates; overlapping intervals alone are not our significance test.

Does the household definition change the order?

These states’ ranks change the most between median family income and median household income. These comparisons identify different questions worth investigating; a rank gap does not measure a causal effect or a statistical difference between unlike units.

StateMedian family incomeMedian household income
Idaho$96,310 · #31$81,166 · #21
Florida$93,615 · #36$77,735 · #26
Nebraska$100,245 · #23$76,376 · #31

Inspect these states, definitions and pairwise differences.

Values over time

Annual ACS 1-year estimates, 2021–2024. Each year is a separate published survey release; 2020 is excluded because the Census Bureau did not release standard 1-year estimates for that year. Dollar figures are in each year’s dollars, not adjusted for inflation. Ranks are recalculated among the same 50 states for each year.

The state-by-state view

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Ranked among 50 states; District of Columbia and Puerto Rico shown for reference. Rank 1 = highest value.

Median family income · 2024 · U.S. dollars
RankState / jurisdictionValue90% margin of errorDifference from previous rank
1Massachusetts$131,831± $1,576Highest estimate
2Maryland$130,035± $1,947Not distinguishable at 90%
3New Jersey$127,593± $1,386Different at 90%
4New Hampshire$124,960± $3,535Not distinguishable at 90%
5Connecticut$122,804± $2,046Not distinguishable at 90%
6Colorado$121,209± $1,727Not distinguishable at 90%
7Washington$120,265± $1,029Not distinguishable at 90%
8Hawaii$119,933± $2,865Not distinguishable at 90%
9Virginia$114,278± $1,274Different at 90%
10Alaska$114,035± $2,802Not distinguishable at 90%
11California$113,969± $828Not distinguishable at 90%
12Minnesota$112,716± $1,422Not distinguishable at 90%
13Utah$111,919± $1,301Not distinguishable at 90%
14Rhode Island$108,082± $4,562Not distinguishable at 90%
15Illinois$106,800± $956Not distinguishable at 90%
16New York$106,073± $1,018Not distinguishable at 90%
17Vermont$105,766± $3,291Not distinguishable at 90%
18Delaware$105,622± $3,527Not distinguishable at 90%
19Oregon$104,569± $1,507Not distinguishable at 90%
20North Dakota$103,393± $3,049Not distinguishable at 90%
21Pennsylvania$100,557± $659Not distinguishable at 90%
22Wisconsin$100,319± $827Not distinguishable at 90%
23Nebraska$100,245± $1,571Not distinguishable at 90%
24Maine$99,546± $2,452Not distinguishable at 90%
25Arizona$98,284± $1,481Not distinguishable at 90%
26South Dakota$98,083± $3,172Not distinguishable at 90%
27Montana$97,801± $2,870Not distinguishable at 90%
28Iowa$96,797± $1,210Not distinguishable at 90%
29Georgia$96,419± $1,000Not distinguishable at 90%
30Nevada$96,389± $2,339Not distinguishable at 90%
31Idaho$96,310± $2,018Not distinguishable at 90%
32Texas$96,239± $632Not distinguishable at 90%
33Kansas$96,101± $1,637Not distinguishable at 90%
34Wyoming$94,951± $3,856Not distinguishable at 90%
35Ohio$93,734± $853Not distinguishable at 90%
36Florida$93,615± $884Not distinguishable at 90%
37Michigan$93,305± $955Not distinguishable at 90%
38North Carolina$92,847± $1,206Not distinguishable at 90%
39Missouri$92,101± $880Not distinguishable at 90%
40South Carolina$90,883± $1,247Not distinguishable at 90%
41Indiana$90,323± $1,060Not distinguishable at 90%
42Tennessee$90,018± $1,050Not distinguishable at 90%
43Alabama$84,851± $1,063Different at 90%
44New Mexico$84,387± $2,472Not distinguishable at 90%
45Kentucky$82,757± $1,282Not distinguishable at 90%
46Oklahoma$82,640± $1,245Not distinguishable at 90%
47Louisiana$80,529± $1,210Different at 90%
48Arkansas$79,037± $1,450Not distinguishable at 90%
49West Virginia$78,252± $1,940Not distinguishable at 90%
50Mississippi$76,879± $1,989Not distinguishable at 90%
Ref.District of ColumbiaNot ranked among states$151,049± $8,673Reference jurisdiction
Ref.Puerto RicoNot ranked among states$34,730± $905Reference jurisdiction

50 states plus 2 reference rows.

What this ranking measures

Income at the midpoint among families: people related by birth, marriage, or adoption living together.

Families exclude people living alone and unrelated housemates, so this differs from household income.

The size of the gap

The difference between the highest and lowest state estimates is $54,952. The U.S. benchmark is $101,265. It is not a simple average of the states.

20 states have point estimates above the U.S. benchmark and 30 below it. These counts do not establish statistical significance.

How much should you read into a rank?

Each estimate has a 90% margin of error published by the Census Bureau. For two different states, we flag a difference only when its absolute size exceeds the square root of the sum of their squared margins of error. The comparison tool applies this check to every selected pair.

Non-significance is not proof of equality. These pairwise tests are not adjusted for multiple comparisons and do not form ranking confidence intervals. Statistical method and limitations.

Ranks use the full precision of the source file, so only truly equal values share a rank (1, 2, 2, 4).

Keep exploring

How income definitions change a ranking.

Explore the same states in a side-by-side comparison, or combine this measure with others in the custom ranking tool.

Source and method

Producer
U.S. Census Bureau
Product / file
ACS 1-year · GCT1902
Period
2024
Unit
U.S. dollars
Calculation
Published estimate; no transformation of the value. Rank = 1 + number of eligible jurisdictions with a higher value.
Coverage
The 50 states are ranked. Washington, D.C., can be added with the toggle above the table; Puerto Rico is shown for reference only, where the source covers it.
Cadence
Annual. 2025 ACS 1-year estimates scheduled for October 29, 2026 (Census ACS updates page); adoption follows editorial review.
Independence
Rank the States is independent. The agencies that produce the source data do not endorse these rankings.

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Download the default full table (CSV) or use the download above for the table’s current filter and order. Data dictionary and source metadata

Updates and corrections

Last updated Oct. 23, 2026. Earlier editions stay available on the data page, and every change is listed in the update log. If a number or definition looks wrong, report an error with the state, value, and source you checked.

Related rankings

State distributions: each mark is one state, from lowest to highest. Each row uses its own scale.

01

Richest and poorest states (household income)

2024 · Census ACS

$104,828 Massachusetts · highest estimate 02

Price-adjusted median household income

2024 · Census + BEA

$99,122 Massachusetts · highest estimate 03

Cost of living by state

2024 · BEA RPP

110.7 California · highest estimate

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