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Net international migration by state

Florida has the highest estimate (178,674); West Virginia has the lowest (244). Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025, 2025.

Data year: July 2024–July 2025Source released Jan. 27, 2026Last updated Oct. 23, 2026NST-EST2025-ALLDATA

50 ranked states; DC and Puerto Rico appear as reference rows where the source supplies them. Highest does not mean best.

Lowest state estimate 244 West Virginia
Highest state estimate 178,674 Florida
Florida: 178,674 Texas: 167,475 California: 109,278 New York: 95,634 New Jersey: 53,064 North Carolina: 46,890 Washington: 46,202 Illinois: 44,752 Georgia: 42,579 Virginia: 40,436 Massachusetts: 40,240 Michigan: 30,706 Ohio: 28,505 Arizona: 28,219 Pennsylvania: 26,921 Maryland: 20,503 Tennessee: 17,990 Indiana: 17,852 Connecticut: 17,534 Kentucky: 15,709 Colorado: 15,356 Louisiana: 14,900 South Carolina: 12,930 Missouri: 12,665 Minnesota: 12,486 Nevada: 10,551 Oregon: 9,636 Alabama: 8,946 Oklahoma: 8,420 Utah: 7,501 Mississippi: 7,451 Kansas: 7,440 Wisconsin: 7,260 Nebraska: 6,599 Rhode Island: 5,923 Iowa: 5,903 Arkansas: 5,470 Hawaii: 4,768 Maine: 4,040 Delaware: 3,473 South Dakota: 3,183 New Mexico: 2,879 North Dakota: 2,810 New Hampshire: 2,403 Idaho: 2,148 Alaska: 1,959 Montana: 899 Vermont: 623 Wyoming: 258 West Virginia: 244
Each dot is a state. The scale runs from the lowest to highest estimate; intervals are not shown here. Read about uncertainty.

State distribution and comparisons

The middle of the 50-state distribution is 11,519: the average of the 25th and 26th ordered state estimates. This treats each state equally, so it answers a different question from a population-weighted national estimate.

How does this compare with net domestic migration?

These states’ ranks change the most between net international migration and net domestic migration. These comparisons identify different questions worth investigating; a rank gap does not measure a causal effect or a statistical difference between unlike units.

StateNet international migrationNet domestic migration
California109,278 · #3-229,077 · #50
New York95,634 · #4-137,586 · #49
New Jersey53,064 · #5-37,428 · #47

Inspect these states, definitions and pairwise differences.

Values over time

All population history comes from Vintage 2025, including its revisions to earlier years. Ranks are recalculated among the same 50 states for each year.

The state-by-state view

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Ranked among 50 states; District of Columbia and Puerto Rico shown for reference. Rank 1 = highest value.

Net international migration · July 2024–July 2025 · People
RankState / jurisdictionValue90% margin of errorDifference from previous rank
1Florida178,674Not publishedNot a survey test
2Texas167,475Not publishedNot a survey test
3California109,278Not publishedNot a survey test
4New York95,634Not publishedNot a survey test
5New Jersey53,064Not publishedNot a survey test
6North Carolina46,890Not publishedNot a survey test
7Washington46,202Not publishedNot a survey test
8Illinois44,752Not publishedNot a survey test
9Georgia42,579Not publishedNot a survey test
10Virginia40,436Not publishedNot a survey test
11Massachusetts40,240Not publishedNot a survey test
12Michigan30,706Not publishedNot a survey test
13Ohio28,505Not publishedNot a survey test
14Arizona28,219Not publishedNot a survey test
15Pennsylvania26,921Not publishedNot a survey test
16Maryland20,503Not publishedNot a survey test
17Tennessee17,990Not publishedNot a survey test
18Indiana17,852Not publishedNot a survey test
19Connecticut17,534Not publishedNot a survey test
20Kentucky15,709Not publishedNot a survey test
21Colorado15,356Not publishedNot a survey test
22Louisiana14,900Not publishedNot a survey test
23South Carolina12,930Not publishedNot a survey test
24Missouri12,665Not publishedNot a survey test
25Minnesota12,486Not publishedNot a survey test
26Nevada10,551Not publishedNot a survey test
27Oregon9,636Not publishedNot a survey test
28Alabama8,946Not publishedNot a survey test
29Oklahoma8,420Not publishedNot a survey test
30Utah7,501Not publishedNot a survey test
31Mississippi7,451Not publishedNot a survey test
32Kansas7,440Not publishedNot a survey test
33Wisconsin7,260Not publishedNot a survey test
34Nebraska6,599Not publishedNot a survey test
35Rhode Island5,923Not publishedNot a survey test
36Iowa5,903Not publishedNot a survey test
37Arkansas5,470Not publishedNot a survey test
38Hawaii4,768Not publishedNot a survey test
39Maine4,040Not publishedNot a survey test
40Delaware3,473Not publishedNot a survey test
41South Dakota3,183Not publishedNot a survey test
42New Mexico2,879Not publishedNot a survey test
43North Dakota2,810Not publishedNot a survey test
44New Hampshire2,403Not publishedNot a survey test
45Idaho2,148Not publishedNot a survey test
46Alaska1,959Not publishedNot a survey test
47Montana899Not publishedNot a survey test
48Vermont623Not publishedNot a survey test
49Wyoming258Not publishedNot a survey test
50West Virginia244Not publishedNot a survey test
Ref.District of ColumbiaNot ranked among states3,915Not publishedReference jurisdiction
Ref.Puerto RicoNot ranked among states-2,779Not publishedReference jurisdiction

50 states plus 2 reference rows.

What this ranking measures

Net population change attributed to international migration under the Census Population Estimates Program definition.

Net flows do not count every arrival. Components describe demographic accounting, not the reasons for migration or a causal policy effect. Residual adjustments reconcile components to total population change.

The size of the gap

The difference between the highest and lowest state estimates is 178,430. The U.S. total is 1,262,202.

How much should you read into a rank?

The Census Bureau does not publish margins of error for population estimates. “Not published” means uncertainty is not quantified here, not that the estimates are exact.

Ranks use the full precision of the source file, so only truly equal values share a rank (1, 2, 2, 4).

Keep exploring

Read the ranking methodology.

Explore the same states in a side-by-side comparison, or combine this measure with others in the custom ranking tool.

Source and method

Producer
U.S. Census Bureau
Product / file
Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 · NST-EST2025-ALLDATA
Period
July 2024–July 2025
Unit
People
Calculation
Published Census component; no transformation. Rank = 1 + number of eligible jurisdictions with a higher value.
Coverage
The 50 states are ranked. Washington, D.C., can be added with the toggle above the table; Puerto Rico is shown for reference only, where the source covers it.
Cadence
Annual. Next annual vintage; date subject to Census release schedule.
Independence
Rank the States is independent. The agencies that produce the source data do not endorse these rankings.

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Download the default full table (CSV) or use the download above for the table’s current filter and order. Data dictionary and source metadata

Updates and corrections

Last updated Oct. 23, 2026. Earlier editions stay available on the data page, and every change is listed in the update log. If a number or definition looks wrong, report an error with the state, value, and source you checked.

Related rankings

State distributions: each mark is one state, from lowest to highest. Each row uses its own scale.

01

Net domestic migration

July 2024–July 2025 · Census PEP

84.1K North Carolina · highest estimate 02

Net domestic migration rate

July 2024–July 2025 · Census PEP

12.0 per 1,000 South Carolina · highest estimate 03

Net international migration rate

July 2024–July 2025 · Census PEP

7.6 per 1,000 Florida · highest estimate

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